Programs for function overloading

In this article, you will learn about overloading and its various implementation in detail. Overloading is an object-oriented programming concept that tells us the ability of a function or operator to behave differently depending on the parameter passed in case of functions or the operand type acting on any overloaded operator.

It comes as a part of polymorphism which means multiple forms of a single element. It means that a single program element will work differently depending on the different signatures being used with it. The basic purpose of using overloading is the reusability of a function or operator. Overloading also helps in improvising the clarity and makes your program smart. There are two different ways you can use overloading in your program. In Python, we can again sub-divide a function overloading into two types:.

It makes the program overload the function within the python class as a special function. Python interpreter will use this newly structured function within the program run as the declaration for the pre-defined call. Now, you can create an object emp1 of the Employee class. Custom or user-defined functions: User-defined or custom functions that the programmer defines and create to make code reusability and call it whenever required.

Let us have a function to calculate the area of square and rectangle. In python, when we define two functions with the same name than the function which we defined later only a valid function in python. So when we execute area 4 it executes properly but when we execute area 5,6 gives an error saying function area takes exactly one argument.

So by default function overloading is not there in python but it can be achieved using decorators, defining functions by setting parameters default values to None. Let us have an example of function overloading by defining a function with default parameter values as None. In the above example, we have defined a class Compute with a function named the area where we have default parameter values as None so that the function can be called either with zero, one, and two parameters.

If we have one argument then the area function will return zero as its output, if it has one parameter then the area function returns the square of the parameter, and if it has two parameters then the area function will return the product of two parameters as output. We have created an obj for the class Compute by which we can access the function area with different parameters. Here we called obj. Now we will see built-in function overloading with an example of overloading the len function as below:.

We have created an object purchase of class Purchase with parameters that will be initialized. Angular 7. Machine Learning. Data Structures. Operating System. Computer Network. Compiler Design. Computer Organization. Discrete Mathematics. Ethical Hacking. Computer Graphics. Software Engineering. Web Technology.

Cyber Security. So we do not have to create methods that have the same thing as work that is done inside a respective function. The functionality not only resolves the problem of conflicting naming but also improves the readability of the program. In coding example 1, we will see overloaded main , which is used to show different outputs in the panel and show how the overloaded main is used in programming languages and how the calling of the different functions produces different outputs, respectively.

When the main is called, there is output which is shown significantly in the output panel as shown below. First, the print statement of the main is called and printed.

Then, by distinguishing the number of arguments, the program separates the two overloaded functions which are present in the piece of code. The main calls the first overloaded function, while the first overloaded function calls the second overloaded function. In the second coding example, we are going to see functions that will perform multiplication but which will have a different number of arguments assigned to them. This will help people in developing the different functions which are meant for dealing with different arguments.

In this coding example, we are going to see functions that have the same name and the same number of arguments inside them, yet they have one functionality that serves as a difference between them. The difference in functionality that is present is the datatype which is present in the functions, one is an integer, and the other is double. In the above program, we input two integer values when we compute the sum of two integer values.